How to Start Non-Adaptive Routing Projects using NS3

How to Start Non-Adaptive Routing Projects using NS3

To start a Non-Adaptive Routing project using NS3 to follow the below steps:

Steps to Start Non-Adaptive Routing Projects using NS3

  1. Understand Non-Adaptive Routing
  • Non-Adaptive Routing:
    • The Routes are predefined and static.
    • Do not change the Routing decisions based on the network conditions.
    • For instance: Static Routing.
  • Applications:
    • It is a Simple and small network in which topology changes are rare.
    • The Network planning and benchmarking.
  1. Set Up NS3
  1. Install NS3:

sudo apt update

sudo apt install g++ python3 git cmake

git clone https://gitlab.com/nsnam/ns-3-dev.git

cd ns-3-dev

./waf configure

./waf build

  1. Verify Installation:

./waf --run scratch/my-first

  1. Non-Adaptive Routing in NS3

The NS3 has built-in a support for Static Routing that is an example of non-adaptive routing. Routes are openly set up a using of Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper.

  1. Basic Non-Adaptive Routing Example

The following steps example establishes how to utilized their static routing in a network with 4 nodes.

Code Example:

#include "ns3/core-module.h"

#include "ns3/network-module.h"

#include "ns3/internet-module.h"

#include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"

#include "ns3/applications-module.h"

#include "ns3/ipv4-static-routing-helper.h"

using namespace ns3;

int main() {

// Create 4 nodes

NodeContainer nodes;

nodes.Create(4);

// Create point-to-point links

PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute("DataRate", StringValue("10Mbps"));

pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute("Delay", StringValue("2ms"));

NetDeviceContainer devices1 = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(0), nodes.Get(1));

NetDeviceContainer devices2 = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(1), nodes.Get(2));

NetDeviceContainer devices3 = pointToPoint.Install(nodes.Get(2), nodes.Get(3));

// Install Internet stack

InternetStackHelper stack;

stack.Install(nodes);

 

// Assign IP addresses

Ipv4AddressHelper address;

address.SetBase("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces1 = address.Assign(devices1);

address.SetBase("10.1.2.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces2 = address.Assign(devices2);

address.SetBase("10.1.3.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces3 = address.Assign(devices3);

// Configure static routes

Ipv4StaticRoutingHelper staticRoutingHelper;

// Node 0: Route to Node 3 via Node 1 and Node 2

Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> staticRoutingNode0 = staticRoutingHelper.GetStaticRouting(nodes.Get(0)->GetObject<Ipv4>());

staticRoutingNode0->AddHostRouteTo(Ipv4Address("10.1.3.2"), Ipv4Address("10.1.1.2"), 1);

// Node 1: Forward packets to Node 3 via Node 2

Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> staticRoutingNode1 = staticRoutingHelper.GetStaticRouting(nodes.Get(1)->GetObject<Ipv4>());

staticRoutingNode1->AddHostRouteTo(Ipv4Address("10.1.3.2"), Ipv4Address("10.1.2.2"), 2);

// Node 2: Forward packets to Node 3 directly

Ptr<Ipv4StaticRouting> staticRoutingNode2 = staticRoutingHelper.GetStaticRouting(nodes.Get(2)->GetObject<Ipv4>());

staticRoutingNode2->AddHostRouteTo(Ipv4Address("10.1.3.2"), Ipv4Address("10.1.3.2"), 3);

 

// Install applications

uint16_t port = 9;

UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer(port);

ApplicationContainer serverApp = echoServer.Install(nodes.Get(3)); // Server on Node 3

serverApp.Start(Seconds(1.0));

serverApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient(Ipv4Address("10.1.3.2"), port);

echoClient.SetAttribute("MaxPackets", UintegerValue(1));

echoClient.SetAttribute("Interval", TimeValue(Seconds(1.0)));

echoClient.SetAttribute("PacketSize", UintegerValue(1024));

ApplicationContainer clientApp = echoClient.Install(nodes.Get(0)); // Client on Node 0

clientApp.Start(Seconds(2.0));

clientApp.Stop(Seconds(10.0));

Simulator::Run();

Simulator::Destroy();

return 0;

}

  1. Features of Non-Adaptive Routing
  • Predefined Routes: Manually setting an all routes utilized Ipv4StaticRouting.
  • No Reaction to Changes: The Routes are remaining fixed and even if connections are failing or network topology changes.
  • Simplicity: Utilized for validating their specific scenarios in which dynamic routing is unnecessary.
  1. Advanced Non-Adaptive Routing

Add Link Failures

We validate the behaviour of static routes after a connection fails.

Simulator::Schedule(Seconds(5.0), &NetDevice::SetDown, devices1.Get(0)); // Disable link at 5s

Configure Different Topologies

Testing with multiple network topologies such as tree, grid and setting a static routes accordingly.

Introduce Traffic Generators

Add TCP/UDP traffic generators to analyze the routing behavior.

  1. Testing and Debugging
  1. Enable Logging:

NS_LOG="Ipv4StaticRouting" ./waf --run non-adaptive-routing

  1. Print Routing Tables: Print the routing table of a node to verify the static routes:

Ptr<Ipv4> ipv4 = nodes.Get(0)->GetObject<Ipv4>();

ipv4->GetRoutingProtocol()->PrintRoutingTable(std::cout);

  1. Capture Packets: Enable PCAP tracing to analyze packet flows:

pointToPoint.EnablePcapAll("non-adaptive-routing");

The given above is the fundamental approach that was illustrated with sample coding for non-adaptive routing project that were simulated across the NS3 environment. We plan to deliver more information regarding this project in further manual. So send to phdprojects.05its.com/ all your project details we give you best results.